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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. G. DAVIDSON. INUANDESGENT GAS BURNER.

Patented Sept. 3. 1889.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

B. G. DAVIDSON. INUANDESGENT GAS BURNER.

No. 410,540. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

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j F E l 1 win b20323 L gufwitvien ooz UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDIVARD C. DAVIDSON, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

INCANDESCENT GAS-BU RN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,540, datedSeptember 3, 1889. Application filed April 1, 1889. serial No. 305,555.(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD (J. DAVIDSON, of New York city, in the Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inIncandescent Gas-Burners, of,

which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of burners in which filaments orpencils of refractory incandescent material are suspended in or abovethe flame of a gas jet or burner.

The invention consists in certain improvements in the manner ofsuspending and adjusting the filamentholders.

To carry out the general purpose of my invention, I may employ three ormore groups of pendent filaments or pencils of incandescing refractorymaterial and arrange them at an angle to each other, so that the lightwill be diffused in all directions. For instance, I may employ threesets or groups of filaments arranged in such relation to each other thatthey form a figure triangular, or approximately so, in cross-section.Such fila Inents, being rendered incandescent by suitable burners, willof course throw the light in all directions, the same as an ordinarycircular or Argand gas-burner; or the groups of filaments, of whichthere may be three or more, may be arranged so as to be adjusted orturned horizontally about their supports, so that they may be eitherarranged in triangular form or turned so that each group of filamentsstands on a radial line from the central support. The invention, whichconsists in certain improvements in devices for suspending and adjustingthe filament-holders, will, however, be more fully understood from thedrawings and following description.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a gas-bracket havingmultiple burners and multiple groups of filaments to which myimprovements may be applied. Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating adifferent type of bracket. Fig. 2 is a detail view of the manner ofconnecting the groups of filaments to their supports; Fig. 3, a detailview showing the manner of supporting and vertically adjusting the headscarrying the pendent filaments; Fig. l, a detail cross-sectionindicating the same device. Figs. 5 and 6 show other means forvertically adjusting the filament-holders, and Fig. 7 is a detailsectional plan illustrating the radial arrangement of the groups offilaments.

In Fig. 1, A represents a curved pendent gas tube or pipe screwed intoan ordinary gasbracket A. At its lower end the pendent tube A isprovided with three radiallyprojecting tubes B, carrying ordinaryburnertips Z). The filament heads C consist of metal caps, from whichdepend double rows of filaments or pencils 0, of incandescing refractorymaterial. Each group of filaments is suspended above a burner and isarranged in a plane coinciding with the plane of the flame and at rightangles to the radial line on which the burner-tube projects. As a resultof this arrangement the filament groups form a triangular figure in planor cross-section, and consequently throw the light in every direction,as does an ordinary circular burner. Each radially-projecting tube mayhave its own cock, as shown, so that either or all three of the burnersmay be lighted. The filament heads may be carried by arms cl, all joinedto a collar D, sliding on the pendent arm A, and held by a set-screw (Z,so that they may all be simultaneously adj usted vertically withreference to the burners. I connect-the groups of filaments to thesupports, as will be hereinafter described. In Fig. 2 a like arrangementwith a non-pendent burner is shown. A burner E, having threeradially-projecting burner-tubes e, is screwed into the socket of anordinary bracket. This burner carries a vertical post F, which supportsthe adjustable collar D, as in Fig. 1. One way of connecting the groupsof filaments to their supports is shown in Fig. 2, where 0: indicates aset-screw for affording an adjustable connection. more fullyset forth inother figures of the drawings. With the exception of the different typesof brackets, the burners shown in these two figures are practically thesame, except that in Fig. 2 the filament heads are brought closetogether at their ends to form a more compact triangular figure.

In Fig. 7 the filament heads may be arranged in triangular relation toeach other over corresponding burners, as indicated by the full lines,or they maybe rotated so as to stand radially with reference to thecentral support, as indicated by dot-ted lines; but of These detailsare, however,

course the burners would have to be similarly turned, so that the planesof the flames would coincide with the plane of the filament groups. Withthis arrangement it Will be seen that light is cast in every directionwithout lateral shadows. The filament heads may be adjusted in slottedor perforated radial arms projecting from the collar D. For instance, inFigs. 3 and 4- the filament-head may have a tooth suspending rod or arm0, adapted to engage in the open slotted end of the radial arm d Bywithdrawing and inserting the toothed arm from the open slotted radialarm, the filament head may be adjusted Vertically, or the radial armsmay have apertures in them, through which vertical rods 0' on thefilament heads pass, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 6. In the former aset-screw c on the radial arm clamps the filament-head-suspendin g rodat any desired point. In the latter the end of thefilament-head-suspending rod is screwthreaded and carries an adj ustablenut Either of the devices shown in Figs. 5 and 6 will permit of theadjustment indicated in Fig. 7, or any other suitable means may beemployed.

Various other means of adjusting the filament heads may readily bedevised by those skilled in the art; but it will be observed that in theseveral constructions which I have shown the heads are eithersimultaneously or individually adjustable upon and independently of theupright support which carries them, whereas heretofore, as far as I- amaware, it has been customary to adjust the vertical support.

As is well understood, burners of the class herein described are to beused with hydrogen gas or water-gas having little, if any, illuminant.The commercial production of Water-gas is such that it may now befurnished at a price far less than the poorest coal-gas. Assuming,therefore, that with a burner of the type herein described each jetwillconsume two feet per hour, which would be ample when the three wereburning, there would be but an expenditure of six feet of gas per hour,giving a pure beautifullight of high candle-power far exceeding thatwhich would be obtained from a much greater quantity of coal orilluminating gas. The light is pure and white and without flickering orwavering. The pencils or filaments employed may be of the ordinary kindopen to usesuch, for instance, as magnesia mixed in the preparation ofthem with a small portion of starch. These pencils are held by theirupper ends in the holders by a packing of the same material appliedwhile in a soft or plastic condition. By preference the filaments are so.grouped in side View as to present a curved line at their lower ends toconform somewhat to the shape of the flame of an ordinary gasjet. Ofcourse in such an arrangement as that indicated in the drawings, moreespecially in Figs. 2 and 7, one of the groups might'be omitted, whichit may be assumed is the wall from which the bracket projects.

The two remaining groups forming the V-shaped figure will then throw thelight into the room in every direction; but there will be no uselessexpenditure of light directed against the adijacent wall of the room.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, substantially as set forth,of radially-arranged independent gasburners, a centrally-located supportextending above the burners, independent groups of filaments arranged inangular relation to each other, radial arms in which the filament groupsare mounted proj ecting from said central support above theircorresponding gasburners, and connections between each filament groupand its radial arm, by which the group is independently adjust-able andre- 1 movable.

,cils carried by a suitable head, a support-ingrod connected with saidhead, and a supporting-arm in which the supporting-rod is bothvertically adj ustable and rotatable.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

EDWARD C. DAVIDSON.

Witnesses:

BESSIE MILLER, G. M. BROOKE.

